Oniron 8mg Tab 10 S

What it is used for: Nausea & Vomiting.

Indications as listed by the manufacturer: Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting Associated with Initial and Repeat Courses of Emetogenic Cancer Chemotherapy.

How it works: Ondansetron is a selective antagonist of the serotonin receptor subtype, 5-HT3. Its precise mode of action in the control of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting is not known. Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy are associated with the release of serotonin (5-HT) from enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine, presumably initiating a vomiting reflex through stimulation of 5-HT3 receptors located on vagal afferents. Ondansetron may block the initiation of this reflex. Activation of vagal afferents may also cause a central release of serotonin from the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema, located on the floor of the fourth ventricle. Thus, the antiemetic effect of ondansetron is probably due to the selective antagonism of 5-HT3 receptors on neurons located in either the peripheral or central nervous systems, or both. The mechanisms of ondansetron's antiemetic action in post-operative nausea and vomiting are not known.

Active ingredient: Ondansetron.

Reported side effects: Adverse reactions observed when ondansetron is used for Chemotherapy induced Nausea and Vomiting Diarrhea, Headache, Fever, Constipation, Rash. Cardiovascular:Rare cases of angina (chest pain), electrocardiographic alterations, hypotension, and tachycardia, QT prolongation, ST segment depression, bradycardia. Hepatic: In comparative trials in cisplatin chemotherapy patients with normal baseline values of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), these enzymes have been reported to exceed twice the upper limit of normal in approximately 5% of patients. The increases were transient and did not appear to be related to dose or duration of therapy. On repeat exposure, similar transient elevations in transaminase values occurred in some courses, but symptomatic hepatic disease did not occur. Neurological: There have been rare reports consistent with, but not diagnostic of, extrapyramidal reactions in patients receiving ondansetron Injection and rare cases of grand mal seizure. Other:Rare cases of hypokalemia. Adverse reactions observed when ondansetron is used for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Headache, Drowsiness/sedation, Injection site reaction, Fever, Cold sensation, Pruritus and Paresthesia. OTHER ADVERSE REACTIONS:Local reactions:Pain, redness, burning at site of injectionLower respiratory: HiccupsSkin:Urticaria, Stenvens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis. Eye disorders:Transient blindnessNeurological:Oculogyric crisis, appearing alone,as well as with other dystonic reactions. Transient dizziness during or shortly after intervenous administration.

Known drug interactions: Drugs Affecting Cytochrome P-450 Enzymes , Apomorphine , Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, and Rifampin , Tramadol , Serotonergic Drugs , carmustine, etoposide, and cisplatin , Temazepam , Alfentanil and Atracurium.

Adult: You may receive before and/or after chemotherapy. The dose is between 8 and 24 mg a day (taken orally) for up to 5 days depending on the potential of your chemotherapy treatment to cause you to vomit and/or have nausea. Children (4 to 12 years): After chemotherapy, take 4 mg orally every 8 hours for up to 5 days. Radiotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting Adult: Take 8 mg orally 1 to 2 hours before radiotherapy. After therapy, take 8 mg orally every 8 hours for up to 5 days after a course of treatment. Prevention of Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting Adult: Take 16 mg orally one hour before anaesthesia. OR As directed by your physician .

Active ingredient: Ondansetron. Labelled strength: 8mg.

Store this medicine at room temperature, away from direct light and heat.

Manufactured by Oniron Pharmaceuticals (Pvt) Ltd.. Country of origin: Pakistan.